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目的：研究鼻咽癌（ＮＰＣ）患者血清和癌组织中乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）及其同工酶的水平。方法：采用浓度梯度聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术检测鼻咽癌患者和对照组血清和癌组织中ＬＤＨ及其同工酶浓度。结果：鼻咽癌组与非癌各对照组的血清ＬＤＨ总酶活力比较无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），但癌组织匀浆ＬＤＨ总酶活力明显高于非癌各组鼻咽部炎性组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。鼻咽癌组血清ＬＤＨ同工酶谱显示ＬＤＨ３明显升高，与非癌各组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），且与病变严重程度成正相关。鼻咽癌组癌组织与良性病变组鼻咽部炎性组织的ＬＤＨ同工酶谱分布不同，炎性组织以ＬＤＨ２～４为主，而癌组织则为ＬＤＨ３～５占优势。鼻咽癌放疗后复发组血清和组织ＬＤＨ总酶活力及其同工酶谱均与鼻咽癌初诊组相似，而未复发组则接近于良性病变组，与复发组显著不同。结论：同时检测血清和鼻咽组织ＬＤＨ总酶活力及其同工酶谱对ＮＰＣ的辅助诊断、预后监测及治疗后随访具有一定参考价值。
Objective: To investigate the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its isoenzymes in serum and cancer tissues of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: Concentrations of LDH and its isoenzyme in serum and cancer tissue of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and controls were detected by concentration gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results: There was no significant difference in total enzyme activity of serum LDH between nasopharyngeal carcinoma group and non-cancer control group (P> 0.05), but the activity of LDH in cancer homogenate was significantly higher than that in non-cancer nasopharyngeal Sex group (P <0.05). Serum LDH isoenzymes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group showed that LDH3 was significantly increased compared with non-cancerous groups (P <0.05), and positively correlated with the severity of the disease. The distribution of LDH isoenzymes of nasopharyngeal inflammatory tissue in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group and benign lesion group were different, the inflammatory tissues were predominantly LDH2 ~ 4, while the cancerous tissues were predominantly LDH3 ~ 5. The activity of LDH and its isozymes in serum and tissue of NPC patients after radiotherapy were similar to that of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in the newly diagnosed group, but not in the recurrent group, which was significantly different from the recurrent group. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous detection of LDH total enzyme activity and its isoenzyme pattern in serum and nasopharyngeal tissues has some reference value for the auxiliary diagnosis, prognosis monitoring and post-treatment follow-up of NPC.