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新编高中一年级化学课本在讲氯气的性质时写到:“我们已经知道氯原子的最外电子层上有7个电子,因而在化学反应中容易结合一个电子,使最外电子层达到8个电子的稳定结构。氯气的化学性质很活泼,它是一种活泼的非金属元素。”文中虽然没有“因为”、“所以”的字样,但不少人就是按因果关系去理解并进行讲解的,即氯原子的结构决定了氯气的化学活泼性。可是稍加思索就会提出这样的问题:“氯是双原子分子,每个氯分子的两个氯
The new first-year high school chemistry textbook wrote about the nature of chlorine: “We already know that there are seven electrons on the outermost electron layer of the chlorine atom, so it is easy to combine one electron in the chemical reaction and make the outermost electron layer reach 8 The stable structure of electrons. The chemical properties of chlorine are very lively. It is a kind of active non-metallic element.” Although there are no words “because” or “because” in the text, many people understand and explain it in terms of cause and effect. The structure of the chlorine atom, which determines the chemical reactivity of chlorine. However, a little thought will raise the question: "Chlorine is a diatomic molecule, with two chlorine atoms per chlorine molecule.