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W/Cu功能梯度材料是一种有希望用作聚变反应堆面向等离子体部件的侯选材料。为避免材料在使用过程中的热应力破坏,根据偏滤器部件服役的热流工况,在结合导热能力分析的情况下运用有限元软件对W/Cu梯度材料进行了优化设计。结果表明,成分分布指数的增大以及金属W厚度的增加均使表面工作温度提高;当成分分布指数为1.0～1.2时W/Cu梯度材料有最佳的热应力缓和效果。在30MW/m2的表面热流负荷下,与非梯度材料相比,经过优化设计的W/Cu功能梯度材料的等效热应力降低了62.3%,表面工作温度下降了50℃;而与单纯金属W相比,W/Cu梯度材料的表面工作温度较之降低445℃。
W / Cu functionally graded material is a promising candidate for use as a plasma-facing component in fusion reactors. In order to avoid the thermal stress destruction during the process of material utilization, the W / Cu gradient material was optimized by finite element software based on the heat flow conditions of the divertor components. The results show that the increase of the compositional distribution index and the increase of the W thickness all increase the surface working temperature. When the composition distribution index is 1.0-1.2, the W / Cu gradient material has the best thermal stress relaxation effect. Compared with non-gradient materials, the equivalent thermal stress of W / Cu functionally graded materials with the optimized design is reduced by 62.3% and the surface working temperature is reduced by 50 ℃ under surface heat flux of 30MW / m2. Compared with non-gradient materials, Compared with the W / Cu gradient material, the working temperature of the surface is reduced by 445 ℃.