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目的分析2004-2009年突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统资料,探讨中国急性职业中毒事件的特点,为制定职业中毒的预防控制策略提供依据。方法对2004-2009年各级医疗卫生机构通过“突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统”报告的职业中毒事件进行描述性分析。结果 2004-2009年全国共报告急性职业中毒事件288起,中毒患者3828例,总的病死率为9.09%;平均每年报告急性职业中毒事件48起(23～66起),第二、三季度高发;不同省份职业中毒发生起数差异较大,上海市报告最多,为74起(占全国的25.69%),5个省份未报告;中毒原因以窒息性气体、刺激性气体为主,占全部职业中毒事件的60.41%。结论中国突发职业中毒事件危害依然较为严重;突发职业中毒事件的报告质量仍待提高。
Objective To analyze the information of emergency public health incident management information system from 2004 to 2009 and discuss the characteristics of acute occupational poisonings in China so as to provide basis for the prevention and control strategy of occupational poisoning. Methods Descriptive analysis of occupational poisoning reported by the medical and health agencies at all levels from 2004 to 2009 through the Public Health Incident Management Information System. Results A total of 288 cases of acute occupational poisoning were reported nationwide from 2004 to 2009, with 3828 cases of poisoning and a total case fatality rate of 9.09%. An average of 48 cases (23 ~ 66 cases) of acute occupational poisonings were reported each year and the second and third quarters were high ; Occupational poisoning count in different provinces varies greatly, with the highest reported in Shanghai (74 cases) (accounting for 25.69% of the national total), with no reports in 5 provinces; the cause of poisoning is mainly asphyxiating gas and irritating gas, occupying all occupations 60.41% of poisoning incidents. Conclusion The incidence of occupational poisoning accidents in China is still relatively serious. The quality of reports of occupational poisoning accidents remains to be improved.