浙江省农家柿品种果实营养成分的变异分析

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【目的】对农家柿品种的营养成分进行分析,为高营养型优良柿品种的选育及品质育种提供科学依据。【方法】以172份浙江省农家柿资源为研究对象,对13个柿果实营养指标值进行变异分析、指标值分布频率分析和Kolmogorv-Smimov(K-S)检验、概率分级及相关分析等。【结果】浙江省172份农家柿果实的含水量为62.22~85.63g/hg,平均为78.96g/hg,主要分布在75.00~85.00g/hg;可溶性固形物含量为11.07~29.06g/hg,平均为17.26g/hg,主要分布在14.00~20.00g/hg;可溶性糖含量为7.73~16.83g/hg,平均为11.60g/hg,主要分布在9.00~14.50g/hg;淀粉含量为0.03~4.21g/hg,平均为1.12g/hg,主要分布在0.03~2.00g/hg;粗纤维含量为0.32~1.76g/hg,平均为0.80g/hg,主要分布在0.25~1.50g/hg;粗蛋白含量为0.12~2.04g/hg,平均为0.48g/hg,主要分布在0.25~0.60g/hg;维生素C含量为0.92~51.45mg/hg,平均为17.25mg/hg,主要分布在3.30~20.00mg/hg;β-胡萝卜素含量为18.40~1 350.90μg/hg,平均为238.44μg/hg,主要分布在18.40~400.00μg/hg;类胡萝卜素含量为3.90~114.70μg/g,平均为30.82μg/g,主要分布在6.70~33.40μg/g;磷含量为4.92~50.95mg/hg,平均为20.70mg/hg,主要分布在13.00~27.00mg/hg;钙含量为2.61~22.64mg/hg,平均为7.72mg/hg,主要分布在4.00~12.00mg/hg;钾含量为88.26~420.22mg/hg,平均为176.74 mg/hg,主要分布在100.00~225.00 mg/hg。13个营养指标的变异系数为5.16%~86.57%,变异系数最低者为含水量,最高者为可溶性单宁;Shannon-Winer多样性指数为1.64~2.07,最低者为粗蛋白,最高者为可溶性糖。K-S检验显示,粗蛋白含量不符合正态分布,可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、粗纤维、维生素C和P、K、Ca完全符合正态分布,含水量、淀粉、单宁、β-胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素5个指标为偏态分布。数量性状的概率分级表明,含水量的3级分界值为73.7和84.2g/hg,可溶性糖含量的3级分界值为9.2和14.0g/hg,可溶性固形物的3级分界值为13.6和21.0g/hg,淀粉的3级分界值为0.1和2.1g/hg,粗纤维的3级分界值为0.5和1.2g/hg。相关性分析显示,除含水量与可溶性固形物含量呈显著负相关(相关系数为-0.8)外,其余指标间的相关性均不显著。【结论】浙江省农家柿资源营养成分变异丰富,各营养成分含量呈现多样性,具有选育优良品种的价值。 【Objective】 The nutritional components of peanut persimmon cultivars were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for the breeding and quality breeding of high-persistence persimmon cultivars. 【Method】 Based on the 172 persimmon resources of Zhejiang Province, the variance analysis, the frequency distribution of the index value and the Kolmogorv-Smimov (K-S) test, probability classification and correlation analysis were conducted on 13 persimmon fruits. 【Result】 The results showed that the water content of 172 persimmon fruits in Zhejiang province was 62.22 ~ 85.63g / hg, with an average of 78.96g / hg, mainly distributed in 75.00 ~ 85.00g / hg. The soluble solids content was 11.07 ~ 29.06g / hg, Averaged 17.26g / hg, mainly distributed in 14.00 ~ 20.00g / hg; soluble sugar content was 7.73 ~ 16.83g / hg, averaged 11.60g / hg, mainly distributed in 9.00-14.50g / hg; starch content was 0.03 ~ 4.21g / hg, average 1.12g / hg, mainly distributed in 0.03 ~ 2.00g / hg; crude fiber content of 0.32 ~ 1.76g / hg, with an average of 0.80g / hg, mainly distributed in 0.25 ~ 1.50g / hg; The crude protein content was 0.12 ~ 2.04g / hg, the average was 0.48g / hg, mainly distributed in 0.25 ~ 0.60g / hg; Vitamin C content was 0.92 ~ 51.45mg / hg, with an average of 17.25mg / hg, ~ 20.00mg / hg respectively; the content of β-carotene was 18.40-1 350.90μg / hg, with an average of 238.44μg / hg, the main distribution was 18.40-400.00μg / hg; the content of carotenoids was 3.90-114.70μg / Which was mainly distributed in the range of 6.70-33.40μg / g; the content of phosphorus was 4.92-50.95mg / hg, the average was 20.70mg / hg, mainly distributed in 13.00-27.00mg / hg; the content of calcium was 2.61 ~ 22.64mg / hg, with an average of 7.72mg / hg, mainly distributed in 4.00 ~ 12.00mg / hg; potassium content of 88.26 ~ 420.22mg / h g, with an average of 176.74 mg / hg, mainly distributed in 100.00 ~ 225.00 mg / hg. The coefficient of variation of 13 nutrition indexes was 5.16% -86.57%, the lowest was water content, and the highest was soluble tannin. The Shannon-Winer diversity index was 1.64-2.07, the lowest was crude protein and the highest was soluble sugar. KS test showed that the content of crude protein did not fit the normal distribution. Soluble solids, soluble sugar, crude fiber, vitamin C and P, K and Ca were in good agreement with the normal distribution, water content, starch, tannin and β-carotene Five indicators of carotenoids skewed distribution. Probability grading of quantitative traits showed that the water cutoffs at the 3rd level were 73.7 and 84.2g / hg, the 3rd cutoffs at soluble sugar levels were 9.2 and 14.0g / hg, and the third cutoffs at soluble solids were 13.6 and 21.0 g / hg, a third grade cutoff of 0.1 and 2.1 g / hg for starch, and a third grade cutoff of 0.5 and 1.2 g / hg for crude fiber. Correlation analysis showed that, except for the water content and soluble solids content was negatively correlated (correlation coefficient -0.8), the other indicators were not significant correlation. 【Conclusion】 Zhejiang Province persimmon resource variation of nutrient content, rich in nutrients, showing the value of breeding fine varieties.
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