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目的:探讨新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败的影响因素。方法:随机选择2010年2月~2013年10月在我院接受乙型肝炎疫苗接种的500例新生儿作为研究对象,对所有新生儿的基础信息进行详细调查和总结,对新生儿的乙肝疫苗接种情况以及免疫失败情况和影响因素等结果方面内容进行详细分析和总结,探讨造成新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫失败的具体原因。结果:新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫失败的影响因素主要有乙肝疫苗首针接种的时间、新生儿的0~7个月的身体健康情况以及接种疫苗前后存在偶合病毒感染史(即处在感染疾病潜伏期,比如水痘和流行性感冒等)3种,这3个因素与新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫失败比例对比之间存在明显差异,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败相关因素较多,但首次接种时间和新生儿出生后7个月前身体概况和接种疫苗时的偶合感染疾病存在,概况3个方面是最主要影响因素。相关人员在处理这方面问题时应该多加注意这几个因素,并采取有效控制措施进行控制。
Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of immune failure of neonates with hepatitis B vaccine. Methods: 500 newborns receiving hepatitis B vaccine in our hospital from February 2010 to October 2013 were randomly selected as the research object. The basic information of all newborns was investigated and summarized. The newborns’ hepatitis B vaccine Vaccination situation and the results of immune failure and influencing factors such as the results of a detailed analysis and summary of the cause of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine immunosuppression specific causes. Results: The main factors affecting the failure of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine immunization include hepatitis B vaccine inoculation time, physical health status of 0-7 months newborns and the history of virus infection before and after vaccination (ie, the latent period of infectious diseases, Such as chickenpox and influenza, etc.). There was a significant difference between the three factors and the proportion of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine immunocompromised (P <0.05). Conclusion: There are many related factors of immune failure in neonates with hepatitis B vaccine, but the first inoculation time and 7 months after birth, the physical condition of the newborns and coupled infection at the time of vaccination exist. The three aspects are the most important influential factors. Relevant personnel should pay more attention to these factors in handling this issue and take effective control measures to control them.