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以南五味子为原料,探讨5种有机溶剂提取物清除DPPH·、·OH的活性,并以无水乙醇为溶剂,比较超声波提取物和溶剂浸提物对自由基的清除效果。通过正交试验优化超声波提取条件,结果表明,南五味子不同溶剂提取物对DPPH·的清除效果依次为乙醇>丙酮>氯仿>石油醚>乙酸乙酯,无水乙醇提取物对DPPH·的清除率达94.24%。对·OH的清除效果依次为氯仿>石油醚>乙酸乙酯>丙酮>乙醇,氯仿提取物对·OH的清除率达80.96%。以无水乙醇为溶剂,超声波提取物对DPPH·和·OH的清除率比浸提物分别提高了24.66%和12.95%。当原料-乙醇比例为1∶20(g/mL)时,超声波优化提取条件是:超声频率75 kHz,温度75℃,提取时间50 min。
The results showed that the activities of DPPH · · · OH were scavenged by five kinds of organic solvent extracts and the scavenging effects of ultrasonic extracts and solvent extracts on free radicals were compared with absolute ethanol as solvent. Orthogonal experiments were used to optimize the ultrasonic extraction conditions. The results showed that the scavenging effects of different solvent extracts of S. chinensis on DPPH · were: ethanol> acetone> chloroform> petroleum ether> ethyl acetate. The removal rate of DPPH · Up to 94.24%. The scavenging effects of · OH were chloroform> petroleum ether> ethyl acetate> acetone> ethanol. The removal rate of · OH by chloroform was 80.96%. The removal rate of DPPH · and · OH by ultrasonic extraction was increased by 24.66% and 12.95% respectively compared with the extract with absolute ethanol as solvent. When the ratio of raw material to ethanol is 1:20 (g / mL), the optimal ultrasonic extraction conditions are: ultrasonic frequency 75 kHz, temperature 75 ℃, extraction time 50 min.