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采用固定滴灌(根区一侧固定供水)、控制性分根区交替滴灌(根区两侧交替供水)和常规滴灌(紧贴幼树基部供水)3种灌水方式和3种灌水定额(固定滴灌和交替滴灌均为10、20和30mm,常规滴灌为20、30和40mm),对比研究了控制性分根区交替滴灌对苹果幼树形态特征与根系水分传导的影响.结果表明:交替滴灌的根区两侧土壤出现反复干湿交替过程,常规滴灌的根区两侧土壤含水率差异不显著.在灌水定额相同时,灌水侧的土壤含水率在3种灌水方式间差异不显著.与常规滴灌和固定滴灌相比,交替滴灌显著增加了苹果幼树的根冠比、壮苗指数和根系水分传导,在30mm灌水定额处理下,交替滴灌的根冠比分别增加31.6%和47.1%,壮苗指数增加34.2%和53.6%,根系水分传导增加9.0%和11.0%.3种灌水方式下,根干质量和叶面积均与根系水分传导呈显著线性正相关.控制性分根区交替滴灌增强了苹果幼树根系水分传导的补偿效应,促进了根系对水分的吸收利用,有利于干物质向各个器官均衡分配,显著提高了根冠比和壮苗指数.
Three kinds of irrigation methods: fixed drip irrigation (fixed water supply on one side of the root zone), alternating drip irrigation (alternate water supply on both sides of the root zone) and conventional drip irrigation (close to the base of saplings) and three irrigation quotas (fixed drip irrigation And alternating drip irrigation were 10, 20 and 30 mm, and conventional drip irrigation was 20, 30 and 40 mm respectively). The effects of controlled drip irrigation on morphological characteristics and root water transport of young apple trees were compared. There was no significant difference in the soil moisture content of the two zones on the two sides of the root zone.When the irrigation quota was the same, the soil water content on the irrigation side was not significantly different among the three irrigation patterns Compared with fixed drip irrigation, drip irrigation significantly increased root / shoot ratio, seedling index and root water transmission of young apple trees. Under the 30 mm irrigation quota, the ratio of root to shoot of alternate drip irrigation increased by 31.6% and 47.1% The seedling index increased by 34.2% and 53.6%, and the root moisture transmission increased by 9.0% and 11.0%, respectively.The root dry weight and leaf area had a significant linear positive correlation with root water conduction under the three irrigation modes. Apple Roots-based compensation effects of hydraulic conductivity, and promote root absorption and utilization of water is conducive to a balanced distribution of dry matter to various organs, significantly increased root to shoot ratio and healthy index.