Lithium-ion batteries,first commercialized in 1991,have been thriving for the past 30 years and become an important basis for portable electronics and electric vehicles.However,this first generation of lithium-ion batteries built on the intercalation materials has limited energy density and can not meet the increased demand of various applications.Thus,a transition from intercalation to alloying chemistry for anodes is on call.Silicon,as the most attractive alloying anode material,has been on the research focus for next-generation high-energy density battery.Alloying mechanism benefits silicon a large capacity while brings silicon the challenge of volume expansion.This article discusses the structure design strategies to address the issues of large volume change and interface instability.