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目的了解衡阳地区春夏两季婴幼儿上呼吸道病毒感染的流行状况。方法收集2013年2~8月门诊和住院患儿咽拭子855例,其中春季(2~5月)468例,夏季(6~8月)387例;分别采用荧光抗体检测副流感病毒1、副流感病毒2、副流感病毒3,流感病毒A、流感病毒B、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒,采用实时荧光PCR定量(RT-PCR)检测EB病毒。结果病毒检出率35.8%(306/855),副流感病毒1春季1.3%(6/468),夏季6.7%(26/387),差异有显著性(χ2=17.4,P<0.01);副流感病毒2春季0.65%(3/468),夏季2.2%(9/387),差异无显著性(χ2=4.3,P>0.05);副流感病毒3春季1.3%(6/468),夏季4.6%(18/387),差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.8,P<0.05);流感病毒(A、B)春季均为0.65%(3/468),夏季均未检出,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.5,P>0.05);呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV),春季2.2%(10/458),夏季0.3%(1/386)(χ2=5.9,P<0.05);腺病毒(ADV),春季5.1%(24/468),夏季13.2%(51/387),差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.1,P<0.01);EB病毒,春季16.9%(79/468),夏季17.3%(67/387),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.02,P>0.05);同时检出腺病毒和EB病毒共57例检出率为6.7%(57/855)。结论 EB病毒、腺病毒、副流感病毒(1、2、3)型是衡阳地区患儿上呼吸道感染的主要病原体,除EB病毒外其他病毒流行有一定季节性。
Objective To understand the prevalence of upper respiratory tract infection in infants and young children in the spring and summer of Hengyang. Methods A total of 855 throat swabs from outpatients and inpatients from February to August 2013 were collected, including 468 cases in spring (February-May) and 387 cases in summer (June-August). Fluorescent antibodies were used to detect parainfluenza virus 1, Parainfluenza virus 2, parainfluenza virus 3, influenza virus A, influenza virus B, respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). Results The positive rate of virus was 35.8% (306/855), parainfluenza virus 1 was 1.3% (6/468) in spring and 6.7% (26/387) in summer, respectively. The difference was significant (χ2 = 17.4, P <0.01) Influenza virus 2 was 0.65% (3/468) in spring and 2.2% (9/387) in summer, with no significant difference (χ2 = 4.3, P> 0.05). Parainfluenza virus 3 was 1.3% (6/468) % (18/387), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 8.8, P <0.05); the influenza viruses (A, B) were 0.65% (3/468) in spring, (Χ2 = 2.5, P> 0.05). Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in spring was 2.2% (10/458) in summer and 0.3% (1/386) in summer ) In the spring, 5.1% (24/468) in the spring and 13.2% (51/387) in the summer, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 17.1, P <0.01) (67/387), the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.02, P> 0.05). The detection rate of simultaneous detection of adenovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in 57 cases was 6.7% (57/855). Conclusions EB virus, adenovirus and parainfluenza virus type 1, 2 and 3 are the main pathogens of upper respiratory tract infection in children in Hengyang area. There are some seasonal epidemics of other viruses besides EB virus.