有机肥料,指的是农村中就地取材、就地积存的一切自然肥料,数量最多的有人粪尿、厩肥、堆肥、绿肥、土杂粪、城市垃圾、海肥和污水等。有机肥料含有大量有机质,在有机质分解过程中,一方面进行矿质化,释放养分;另一方进行腐殖质化,使一些有机化合物缩合脱水,形成更复杂的腐殖质。腐殖质是一种复杂的有机胶体,它具有许多改良土壤的性状,使粘性土壤变得疏松易耕,沙性土壤变得有结构,从而增强土壤的透水性和持水性,提高抗旱能力。土壤结构改善后,地面蒸发减少,控制盐分上升,可以防止盐碱危害作物。土壤结构改善后,土壤的水、肥、气、热得以协 Organic fertilizers refer to all natural fertilizers that are locally sourced in the rural areas and stored locally. The largest number of manure excrement, manure, compost, green manure, soil and manure, municipal waste, sea manure and sewage are the most abundant organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers contain a large amount of organic matter. During the process of organic matter decomposition, mineralization and nutrients are released on the one hand, while the other is humified to condense and dehydrate some organic compounds to form more complex humus. Humus is a complex organic colloid that has many properties that improve soils, making sticky soils easy and tillage, sandy soils becoming structural, thereby enhancing soil water permeability and water holding capacity and improving drought tolerance. After the soil structure is improved, the evaporation on the ground is reduced and the control of salt rise can prevent the salt from damaging crops. After the soil structure is improved, the soil water, fertilizer, gas and heat can be coordinated