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为明确海南省辣木枝枯病病原菌及其生物学特性,采用组织分离法获得菌株MO157,通过柯赫氏法则、形态学特征及分子生物学技术对该菌株进行鉴定,并测定了其菌丝生长的最佳条件。结果表明,菌株MO157回接10 d后,辣木茎干表面周围呈黄褐色,随后发病部位表现出水渍状病斑,与自然发病辣木的病状相符;菌落近圆形,菌丝初期呈白色绒毛状,后期呈浅黄色,分生孢子顶胞钩状,3~5个隔膜,厚垣孢子呈球形,在菌丝间串生;菌株MO157的ITS序列与Gen Bank中木贼镰刀菌Fusarium equiseti的相似性为100%,结合形态特征与分子鉴定最终将其确定为木贼镰刀菌(Gen Bank登陆号:KX197955)。该菌菌丝生长适宜温度25~30℃,最适温度28℃;pH 6~8时菌丝生长速率增快,pH 7时最适菌丝生长;PDA培养基和PSA培养基最适合该菌生长,以蔗糖为碳源时利用率最高;以牛肉浸膏为氮源时利用率最高;该菌致死温度为65℃,10 min;光照对菌丝生长影响较小,不同处理间菌落直径无显著差异。
In order to clarify the pathogens and their biological characteristics of Moringa leaf blight in Hainan Province, strain MO157 was obtained by tissue isolation method. The strain was identified by Koch’s law, morphological characteristics and molecular biology techniques, The best conditions for growth. The results showed that after the strain MO157 was rewound for 10 days, the surface of stem of spicy wood was yellowish-brown, then the watery spots appeared on the surface of the spores, which was consistent with the natural pathogenic Moringa. The colonies were nearly round, Villous, the late was light yellow, conidia top hook, 3 to 5 septa, chlamydosphere spherical, in the mycelium between the string; ITS strain of strain MO157 and Gen Bank in Fusarium equiseti Fusarium equiseti The similarity was 100%, which was finally identified as F. histolytica (Gen Bank accession number: KX197955) in combination with morphological characteristics and molecular identification. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 25 ~ 30 ℃ and the optimal temperature was 28 ℃. The mycelial growth rate was faster at pH 6 ~ 8 and the optimum mycelial growth was obtained at pH 7. PDA and PSA were the most suitable for this strain The highest utilization rate when using sucrose as carbon source; the highest utilization rate when using beef extract as nitrogen source; the lethal temperature of the bacterium was 65 ℃ for 10 min; the light had little effect on the mycelium growth, and the diameter of colony between different treatments was no Significant differences.