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情态动词有can,could,may,might,must,have to,shall,should,will,would,need,dare等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,有词义但不完整,不能单独作谓语,必须和不带to的不定式连用。情态动词一直是高考的重点和难点,本文试就2007年全国各省市高考试题中的情态动词考例作一归纳,供同学们复习时参考。
考点一:must的用法
考例:1. ——Guess what!I have got A for my term paper. [2007上海卷]
——Great!You ____ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. mustB. shouldC. must haveD. should have
2. The teacher ____ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him, I suppose. [2007安徽卷]
A. should B. can C. would D. must
3. ——She looks very happy. She ____ have passed the exam. [2007江苏卷]
——I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could C. must D. might
4. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ____ take care of your luggage.
[2007北京卷]
A. can B. may C. must D. will
【知识点归纳】(1)第1、2、3题都是考查 must have done sth.的用法,表示对过去的肯定推测。(2)第4题 must表示义务、命令或必要。
Keys:1.C,2.D,3.C,4.C
考点二:can/could的用法
考例:1. The biggest problem for most plants, which ____ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. [2007湖南卷]
A. shan’t B. can’tC. needn’t D. mustn’t
2. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where ____ I have put it? [2007福建卷]
A. can B. must C. should D. would
【知识点归纳】(1)第1题can表示能力,意为“能,会”。(2)can/could have done意思是“过去可能做过某事”,常用于疑问句。
Keys:1.B,2.A
考点三:should的用法
考例:1. ——How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
——It ____ be, but it is now heavily polluted. [2007全国卷I]
A. will B. would C. should D. must
2. ——My cat’s really fat.
——You ____ have given her so much food. [2007浙江卷]
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I ____ have driven her there.
[2007陕西卷]
A. could B. must C. night D. should
4. ——Turn off the TV, Jack. ____ your homework now?
——Mum, just ten more minutes, please. [2007辽宁卷]
A. Should you be doingB. Shouldn’t you be doing
C. Couldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing
【知识点归纳】(1)第1题should表示比较有把握的推测,意思是“按理说,应该”。(2)第2、3题should have done sth.表示过去本应该做某事却没有做。(3)第4题should表示义务、责任,用于各种人称。
Keys:1.C,2.C,3.D,4.B
考点四:need的用法
考例 1. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we ____ go to work tomorrow.
[2007上海春]
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
2. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ____. [2007陕西卷]
A. need repairingB. needs to repairC. needs repairingD. need to repair
【知识点归纳】(1)第1题needn’t表示没有必要。(2)第2题need作实义动词后面跟-ing形式,用主动式表被动,相当于need to be done。
Keys:1.C,2.A
考点五:has/have to be的用法
考例:——What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
——You ____ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. [2007重庆卷]
A. don’t have toB. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t
【知识点归纳】(1)don’t have to=needn’t意思是没有必要。
Keys:1.A
考点六:may/might的用法
考例:1. ——Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
——You ____ it in the wrong place. [2007江西卷]
A. must put B. should have putC. might put D. might have put
【知识点归纳】(1)may/might have done sth.表示对过去的可能性的推测,意为“过去可能做了某事”,其程度小于must have done sth。
Keys:D
考点七:shall的用法
考例: ——What does the sign over there read?
——“No person ____ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”
[2007四川卷]
A. will B. may C. shall D. must
【知识点归纳】(1)shall用于法律、法规条文中,表示必须遵守规定的内容 。
Keys:C
从以上的例析中可以看出,高考试题对情态动词的考查热点有:(1)情态动词must+do表义务命令等的用法。(2)情态动词+have+done结构表过去推测或虚拟的用法。(3)shall表推测、命令或指示、义务或规定、意图或允诺的用法。(4)can表能力的用法。(5)need作情态动词和实义动词的用法。
考点一:must的用法
考例:1. ——Guess what!I have got A for my term paper. [2007上海卷]
——Great!You ____ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. mustB. shouldC. must haveD. should have
2. The teacher ____ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him, I suppose. [2007安徽卷]
A. should B. can C. would D. must
3. ——She looks very happy. She ____ have passed the exam. [2007江苏卷]
——I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could C. must D. might
4. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ____ take care of your luggage.
[2007北京卷]
A. can B. may C. must D. will
【知识点归纳】(1)第1、2、3题都是考查 must have done sth.的用法,表示对过去的肯定推测。(2)第4题 must表示义务、命令或必要。
Keys:1.C,2.D,3.C,4.C
考点二:can/could的用法
考例:1. The biggest problem for most plants, which ____ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. [2007湖南卷]
A. shan’t B. can’tC. needn’t D. mustn’t
2. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where ____ I have put it? [2007福建卷]
A. can B. must C. should D. would
【知识点归纳】(1)第1题can表示能力,意为“能,会”。(2)can/could have done意思是“过去可能做过某事”,常用于疑问句。
Keys:1.B,2.A
考点三:should的用法
考例:1. ——How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
——It ____ be, but it is now heavily polluted. [2007全国卷I]
A. will B. would C. should D. must
2. ——My cat’s really fat.
——You ____ have given her so much food. [2007浙江卷]
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I ____ have driven her there.
[2007陕西卷]
A. could B. must C. night D. should
4. ——Turn off the TV, Jack. ____ your homework now?
——Mum, just ten more minutes, please. [2007辽宁卷]
A. Should you be doingB. Shouldn’t you be doing
C. Couldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing
【知识点归纳】(1)第1题should表示比较有把握的推测,意思是“按理说,应该”。(2)第2、3题should have done sth.表示过去本应该做某事却没有做。(3)第4题should表示义务、责任,用于各种人称。
Keys:1.C,2.C,3.D,4.B
考点四:need的用法
考例 1. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we ____ go to work tomorrow.
[2007上海春]
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
2. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ____. [2007陕西卷]
A. need repairingB. needs to repairC. needs repairingD. need to repair
【知识点归纳】(1)第1题needn’t表示没有必要。(2)第2题need作实义动词后面跟-ing形式,用主动式表被动,相当于need to be done。
Keys:1.C,2.A
考点五:has/have to be的用法
考例:——What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
——You ____ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. [2007重庆卷]
A. don’t have toB. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t
【知识点归纳】(1)don’t have to=needn’t意思是没有必要。
Keys:1.A
考点六:may/might的用法
考例:1. ——Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
——You ____ it in the wrong place. [2007江西卷]
A. must put B. should have putC. might put D. might have put
【知识点归纳】(1)may/might have done sth.表示对过去的可能性的推测,意为“过去可能做了某事”,其程度小于must have done sth。
Keys:D
考点七:shall的用法
考例: ——What does the sign over there read?
——“No person ____ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”
[2007四川卷]
A. will B. may C. shall D. must
【知识点归纳】(1)shall用于法律、法规条文中,表示必须遵守规定的内容 。
Keys:C
从以上的例析中可以看出,高考试题对情态动词的考查热点有:(1)情态动词must+do表义务命令等的用法。(2)情态动词+have+done结构表过去推测或虚拟的用法。(3)shall表推测、命令或指示、义务或规定、意图或允诺的用法。(4)can表能力的用法。(5)need作情态动词和实义动词的用法。