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目的为斜方肌亚部的临床应用提供形态学基础。方法(1)用肌构筑法对10具成人尸体的斜方肌亚部进行肌构筑学研究。(2)用体视学方法对6具成人尸体的斜方肌亚部进行肌梭分布研究。结果(1)斜方肌降部的肌重(30.71±7.40)g、肌长(10.45±1.62)cm、肌纤维长(9.18±0.99)cm、生理横切面积(3.11±0.72)cm2,水平部的肌重(44.14±10.61)g、肌长(8.65±0.84)cm、肌纤维长(7.14±0.84)cm、生理横切面积(5.89±1.66)cm2,升部的肌重(44.89±11.67)g、肌长(11.83±1.12)cm、肌纤维长(9.09±0.94)cm、生理横切面积(5.37±1.55)cm2。(2)斜方肌降部的肌梭密度(39.05±5.08)个/cm3,水平部的肌梭密度(24.48±6.50)个/cm3,升部的肌梭密度(21.68±6.64)个/cm3。结论(1)根据斜方肌各亚部的构筑学特征,推测斜方肌降部和水平部在肩部运动中主要是保持和稳定肩胛骨位置,斜方肌的降部与升部在肩胛骨的旋转中起重要作用。(2)斜方肌降部的肌梭密度明显高于水平部和升部。
Objective To provide morphological basis for the clinical application of trapezius suborder. Methods (1) Muscle building method was used to study the muscular architecture of 10 trapezius muscles of adult cadaver. (2) Stereotactic distribution of muscular spindle in 6 trapezius of adult cadaver was studied by stereological method. Results (1) Muscle weight (30.71 ± 7.40) g, length of muscle (10.45 ± 1.62) cm, length of muscle fiber (9.18 ± 0.99) cm and physiological cross section area (3.11 ± 0.72) (44.14 ± 10.61) g, muscle length 8.65 ± 0.84 cm, muscle fiber length 7.14 ± 0.84 cm, physiological cross-sectional area 5.89 ± 1.66 cm2, ascending weight 44.89 ± 11.67 g , Muscle length (11.83 ± 1.12) cm, muscle fiber length (9.09 ± 0.94) cm and physiological cross-sectional area (5.37 ± 1.55) cm2. (2) Muscle spindles density (39.05 ± 5.08) / cm3, horizontal spindles (24.48 ± 6.50) / cm3, ascending spindles (21.68 ± 6.64) / cm3 . Conclusions (1) According to the architectural features of the trapezius muscles, it is speculated that the descending part and the horizontal part of the trapezius muscle mainly maintain and stabilize the position of the scapula in the shoulder motion. The descending part and the ascending part of the trapezius muscle in the scapula Rotation plays an important role. (2) Muscle spindles of descending trapezius were significantly higher than those of horizontal and ascending parts.