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纽约医学科学院于1977年10月15日召集了一次对四环素族的讨论会。现将有关临床运用的近况摘要如下: 四环素族是1948年以来常用的一类广谱抑菌剂,近年又出现一些较新的四环素族药物,需要对其在临床抗感染中的地位予以重新评价。较新的四环素族中,以二甲胺四环素及强力霉素最重要,它们有下述三方面的优点:①优良的抑菌作用,对多数固紫染色阳性及阴性菌、需氧及厌氧菌均敏感;②用量小而方便,口服吸收完全,血浆蛋白结合率高达80～95%,药物的半衰期长,每日仅需投药1～2次;③副作用小,特别是药物仅10～35%由肾排泄,而50～80%是从肠道渗入粪便排除,在有肾机能损害时使用也较安全,不产生明显的蓄积中毒。二甲胺四环素抗菌力最强,但对前庭神经毒性较显,临
The New York Academy of Medical Sciences convened a symposium on tetracyclines on October 15, 1977. The current status of clinical application are summarized as follows: Tetracycline is a kind of broad-spectrum bacteriostat commonly used since 1948. In recent years, some newer tetracyclines drugs appear, and their status in clinical anti-infection needs to be re-evaluated . The newer tetracyclines, with minocycline and doxycycline the most important, they have the following three advantages: ① excellent antibacterial effect, the majority of solid purple staining positive and negative bacteria, aerobic and anaerobic Bacteria are sensitive; ② small and convenient dosage, oral absorption completely, plasma protein binding rate as high as 80 to 95%, long half-life of drugs, daily administration of only 1 or 2 times; ③ side effects, especially drugs only 10 to 35 % Excreted by the kidneys, and 50 to 80% is excreted from the intestine into the excrement, and it is safer to use when there is impairment of the renal function, and does not produce significant accumulation of poisoning. Minocycline antibacterial strongest, but more significant on the vestibular nerve, Pro