[目的]回顾复治涂阴肺结核的诊断及治疗状况,对今后此类病人的管理与治疗提出看法和建议。[方法]对泉州市1984—2009年肺科门诊因症就诊病人的资料进行分析。[结果]活动性肺结核涂阴病人占55.8%(5 046/9 048);复治病人涂阴占39.0%(667/1 711);涂阴病人中,复治涂阴占13.2%(667/5 046)。[结论]复治涂阴肺结核在活动性肺结核患者中占有一定比例,临床工作中不应忽略。 [Objective] To review the diagnosis and treatment status of retreatment smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis and put forward opinions and suggestions on the management and treatment of such patients in the future. [Method] The data of outpatients with pulmonary clinic from 1984 to 2009 in Quanzhou were analyzed. [Results] The smear positive rate of active tuberculosis accounted for 55.8% (5 046/9 048); the smear rate of retreatment patients was 39.0% (667/1 711); the curettage rate was 13.2% (667 / 5 046). [Conclusion] Tuberculosis smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis occupies a certain proportion in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, and should not be neglected in clinical practice.