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研究以金针菇菌糠(主要培养基为玉米芯、米糠及麦麸)作为研究对象,评价其安全性和饲用价值。采用培养计数法、ELISA法及原子吸收光谱法分别测定金针菇菌糠中有害微生物、有害毒素及重金属含量,化学分析法测定养分含量并通过消化试验测定獭兔对金针菇菌糠的养分表观消化率。结果显示,金针菇菌糠细菌、沙门菌及霉菌总数分别为11.8万、0及25 000个/g;黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和呕吐毒素(DON)含量分别为0.029、0.205及0.077 g/t;重金属铅(Pb)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)和铬(Cr)的含量分别为0.26、0、0、0.02和0.54 mg/kg,各项指标均符合饲料卫生标准。金针菇菌糠蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、无氮浸出物(NFE)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量分别为12.38%、5.80%、20.26%、41.46%、59.47和29.86%;獭兔对金针菇菌糠中EE、CP、NFE、CF、NDF和ADF的表观消化率分别为92.39%、79.62%、90.90%、36.51%、44.62%和43.15%,表观消化能为12.22 MJ/kg。综上所述,金针菇菌糠可作为饲料使用,对獭兔具有较高的饲用价值。
The research takes Flammulina velutipes bran (the main culture medium is corn cob, rice bran and wheat bran) as the research object, and evaluates its safety and feed value. The contents of harmful microorganisms, harmful toxins and heavy metals in Flammulina velutipes bran were determined by culture counting, ELISA and atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. The nutrient contents were determined by chemical analysis and the apparent nutrient digestibility of Rex rabbit to Flammulina velutipes was determined by digestion. The results showed that the total number of bacteria, salmonella and fungi in the Flammulina velutipes was 118 000, 0 and 25 000 / g, respectively. The contents of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN) and DON Were 0.029, 0.205 and 0.077 g / t, respectively. The contents of heavy metals Pb, As, Hg, Cd and Cr were 0.26, 0,0,0.02 and 0.54 mg / kg, the indicators are in line with feed hygiene standards. Flammulina velutipes bran protein (CP), crude fat (EE), nitrogen free extract (NFE), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content were 12.38%, 5.80% , 20.26%, 41.46%, 59.47 and 29.86%, respectively. Apparent digestibility of EE, CP, NFE, CF, NDF and ADF of Rex rabbit were 92.39%, 79.62%, 90.90%, 36.51% and 44.62% And 43.15%, respectively. The apparent digestibility was 12.22 MJ / kg. In summary, Flammulina velutipes bran can be used as feed, Rex rabbit has a higher feed value.