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目的:研究香椿果抗补体活性成分。方法:采用溶血法进行抗补体活性筛选,然后利用溶剂萃取和多种色谱技术分离纯化,以1H-NMR,13C-NMR波谱方法,结合文献数据,鉴定化合物结构。结果:香椿果提取物具有显著抗补体活性,经溶剂萃取,其中乙酸乙酯部位为活性部位,从中分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为没食子酸(1),没食子酸甲酯(2),6-O-没食子酰基-葡萄糖(3),1,2,3-三-O-没食子酰基-β-D-葡萄糖(4),1,2,6-三-O-没食子酰基-β-D-葡萄糖(5),1,2,3,6-四-O-没食子酰基-β-D-葡萄糖(6),1,2,3,4,6-五-O-没食子酰基-β-D-葡萄糖(7),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(8),芦丁(9),异鼠李素-3-O-β-半乳糖苷(10),槲皮素-3-O-β-半乳糖苷(11),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12),山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(13),槲皮素(14)。其中化合物3~14为首次从香椿果中分离得到,化合物5,10,11为首次从香椿中分离得到。化合物4~7有显著抗补体活性,半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))分别为88.3,76.2,13.9,9.6μmol·L~(-1)。结论:香椿果活性部位为乙酸乙酯萃取部位,活性成分为其中没食子酰基葡萄糖苷衍生物和黄酮苷,前者抗补体活性显著强于后者,并且其抗补体活性随着与葡萄糖羟基相连接的没食子酰基数目的增加而增强。
Objective: To study the anti-complement activity of Toona sinensis fruit. Methods: The anti-complement activities were determined by hemolysis method. The compounds were isolated and purified by solvent extraction and various chromatographic techniques. The structures of the compounds were identified by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra combined with literature data. Results: The extract of Toona sinensis (Camellia sinensis) had significant anti-complement activity. After solvent extraction, 14 compounds were isolated from the extract, and were identified as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), (3), 1,2,3-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (4), 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D- Glucose (5), 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (6), 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O- galloyl-β-D- Glucose (7), quercetin -3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (8), rutin (9), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-galactoside (11), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (12), and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside ), Quercetin (14). Compounds 3 to 14 were isolated from Toona sinensis for the first time, and compounds 5, 10 and 11 were isolated from Toona sinensis for the first time. Compounds 4 to 7 showed significant anti-complement activity with IC50 values of 88.3, 76.2, 13.9 and 9.6 μmol·L -1, respectively. CONCLUSION: The active site of Toona sinensis is ethyl acetate extract, the active ingredient is galloyl glucoside derivative and flavonoid glycoside, the former is significantly stronger than the latter in anti-complement activity, and its anti-complement activity is increased with the glucose hydroxyl group The number of galloyl groups increased.