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目的了解目前江苏省结核病患病情况及流行特征,分析全省结核病流行变化趋势。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法,计算得出全省流调点40个,抽样比例为1∶1203。对抽样点的所有人群进行登记造册,满15周岁以上无肺结核可疑症状的应检人口,均进行X线透视检查,不满15岁的儿童均作PPD检查,透视和PPD检查结果异常者及具有肺结核可疑症状的应检人口均进行X线摄片检查、3次痰涂片检查和2次痰结核菌培养检查。结果江苏省2006全省活动性肺结核患病率282.47/10万,涂阳肺结核患病率为58.11/10万,菌阳肺结核患病率为79.09/10万,与1990年全省流调结果相比,涂阳患病率下降了54.3%,肺结核死亡专率为2.2/10万,比1990年下降了85.4%。30岁及以上年龄组男性患病率均高于女性,且差异随年龄的增长逐渐扩大。农村和城镇的结核菌感染率分别为5.3%和1.5%。流动人口主要年龄段的患病率显著高于相应年龄段的本地人口。流调已知的活动性肺结核病人占活动性病人的55.4%,其接受治疗率为99%,其中全程督导和全程管理占88.5%。有症状未就诊者中90.1%是中老年患者。结论通过实施《全国结核病防治规划(2001—2010年)》,采取多种有效措施,江苏省结核病疫情有大幅度下降,涂阳肺结核患病率,死亡率与1990年相比下降明显。但结核病疫情的总体水平仍然较高,特别是老年人肺结核发病率高且发现率较低,应引起高度重视。流动人口大幅度增加,提示在今后的全国性流调中,一定要事先充分考虑抽样方法和实施方法的问题,对涂阴病人的诊断应跟踪随访确诊等。
Objective To understand the prevalence and prevalence of tuberculosis in Jiangsu Province and analyze the trend of tuberculosis prevalence in Jiangsu Province. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to calculate the province flow adjustment point 40, the sampling ratio of 1: 1203. X-ray examination was performed on all the population sampled at the sampling point. Candidates over the age of 15 who had no suspicious symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined by X-ray. Children under 15 years of age were examined by PPD. The results of fluoroscopy and PPD were abnormal. Suspected symptoms of tuberculosis should be examined population X-ray examination, sputum smear 3 and 2 sputum test for tuberculosis culture. Results The prevalence rate of active tuberculosis in Jiangsu province was 282.47 / 100000 in 2006, the prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 58.11 / 100000, the prevalence of bacillary positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 79.09 / 100000, Compared with the prevalence of smear-positive drop of 54.3%, tuberculosis mortality rate of 2.2 / 100,000, down 85.4% over 1990. The prevalence of males in the age group of 30 and over was higher than that of females, and the difference gradually widened with age. Infection rates of TB in rural areas and urban areas were 5.3% and 1.5% respectively. The prevalence of the main age group of migrants was significantly higher than that of the local population in the corresponding age group. There are 55.4% of active TB cases known to have epidemics, and the rate of receiving treatment is 99%, of which 88.5% are supervised and managed in the whole process. 90.1% of the symptomatic untreated persons are middle-aged and elderly patients. Conclusion Through a series of effective measures to prevent and control tuberculosis in China (2001-2010), the epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Jiangsu Province has been greatly reduced. The prevalence and mortality rate of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis decreased significantly compared with 1990. However, the overall level of TB epidemic is still high, especially the high incidence of tuberculosis in the elderly and the low detection rate, which should be given high priority. A substantial increase in the floating population, suggesting that in the future national rhetoric, we must give full consideration in advance sampling methods and methods of implementation of the diagnosis of smear-negative patients should follow-up diagnosis.