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近些年来我国东部平原湖泊面积减小,而西部高山区湖泊面积变大,同时西部高山峡谷区水库数量和面积都在逐年增加中。这或许会加大作为江河上游源头的西部地区洪水、泥石流等地质灾害风险,同时多年来东部湖面持续减小和地面沉降等又会加大内涝风险。上下游不同地区湖泊和水库的水量均衡调查、变堵为疏的淡水引水工程实施、雨季水资源的应急统一调配,是值得关注和研究的技术解决手段。
In recent years, the area of lakes in eastern plain plains has been reduced while the lakes in western mountainous areas have become larger. At the same time, the number and area of reservoirs in western mountain valleys have been increasing year by year. This may increase the risk of geological disasters such as floods and landslides in the western region, which is the source of the upper reaches of the rivers. In the meantime, the continuous reduction of the eastern lakes and land subsidence over many years will increase the risk of waterlogging. The survey of the water balance of lakes and reservoirs in different regions of the upper and lower reaches, the implementation of freshwater diversion project with variable plugging and the unified deployment of emergency water resources in rainy season are the technical solutions that deserve attention and research.