论文部分内容阅读
对２４６例中央型肺癌行纤支镜检查，结果显示：肿瘤均位于段及段以上支气管。右肺６１％，左肺３９％，两肺上叶４６．３％，两肺下叶２８％。病理类型为鳞癌５６．１％，小细胞癌２８％，腺癌１４．６％。纤支镜下主要特征为：鳞癌以管内增殖型改变（７１％）为主，表现为肿物向腔内生长，常伴管腔阻塞；小细胞癌和腺癌以浸润型改变和间接征象明显，小细胞癌常表现为局部粘膜增厚，管腔不同程度狭窄，组织脆，易出血等；腺癌多为息肉型，阻塞管腔。１２例胸片及ＣＴ阴性者，仅见局部粘膜色泽异常或粘膜粗糙。复检纤支镜可提高早期肺癌诊断率。
A bronchoscopic examination was performed on 246 patients with central lung cancer. The results showed that the tumors were located in the bronchus above the segment and segment. The right lung was 61%, the left lung 39%, the upper two lungs 46.3%, and the lower two lungs 28%. The pathological types were 56.1% of squamous cell carcinoma, 28% of small cell carcinoma, and 14.6% of adenocarcinoma. The main features under fibrobronchoscopy are: squamous cell carcinoma is dominated by intraductal proliferative changes (71%), manifested as tumor growth into the lumen, often with lumen obstruction; small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with infiltrative changes and indirect signs Obviously, small cell carcinoma often shows local mucosal thickening, luminal stenosis, brittle tissue, and easy bleeding; adenocarcinoma is mostly polypoid and obstructs the lumen. In 12 cases of chest X-ray and CT negative, only partial mucosal abnormalities or mucosal roughness were seen. Retrospective bronchoscopy can improve the early diagnosis of lung cancer.