治疗由肠革兰氏阴性杆菌所致的成人脑膜炎常常失败,用普通的方法治疗时,死亡率在40%以上,但用两种新的头孢菌素类药物-氨噻肟头孢菌素(Cefotaxime)和羟羧氧酰胺菌素(Maxolactam)治疗却已有效。以前曾推荐以氯霉素为治疗由革兰氏阴性杆菌所致脑膜炎的选择药物,然而肠革兰氏阴性杆菌有时对氯霉素耐药,甚至当该药在体外有活性时,在体内也无杀菌性。氨基糖苷类的艮他霉素、托普霉素和丁胺卡那霉 Treatment of adult meningitis caused by gram-negative bacilli often fails with more than 40% mortality in the usual treatment but with two new cephalosporins, cefotaxime Cefotaxime and Maxolactam have been effective. Chloramphenicol has previously been recommended as a treatment for meningitis caused by Gram-negative bacilli, whereas enterobacter gram-negative bacilli are sometimes resistant to chloramphenicol, even in the in vivo when the drug is active in vitro No bactericidal. Aminoglycosides, gentamicin, tobramycin and kanamycin