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长江是中国最大的河流,也是世界上最大的河流之一。按水量与集水面积而言,长江占世界上主要河流的第四位,只次于亚马孙河(南美洲)、刚果河(非洲)和恒河(亚洲)。河流集水面积达1,800,000平方公里,总长5,600公里。长江发源于海拔4,600公尺的中国东部西藏高原,向东南、东北流经数千公里后,至上海附近流入中国东海。宜昌站的最大观测流量约为75,000秒公方,最小流量为2,950秒公方。下游大通站的年平均流量达33,500秒公方,年平均迳流量超过1,000立方公里。长江有很多大支流如:雅陇江、岷江、嘉陵江、乌江和汉江等,支流的集水面积各为25,000—150,000平方公里以上。长江和它的支流,乃是中国将来水能利用的巨大源泉和功能后备。干流和主要支流的水能蕴藏量为2亿瓩左右。
The Yangtze River is China’s largest river and one of the largest rivers in the world. In terms of water consumption and catchment area, the Yangtze occupies the fourth largest river in the world, only after the Amazon (South America), the Congo River (Africa) and the Ganges (Asia). River catchment area of 1,800,000 square kilometers, a total length of 5,600 km. The Yangtze River originates from an altitude of 4,600 meters in the eastern Tibetan plateau of China. After flowing thousands of kilometers to the southeast and northeast, the Yangtze River flows into the East China Sea near Shanghai. Yichang Station’s maximum observed flow of about 75,000 seconds of the public, the minimum flow of 2,950 seconds to the public. Downstream Datong station average annual flow of 33,500 seconds to the public, the average annual flow of more than 1,000 cubic kilometers. There are many major tributaries of the Yangtze River such as: Yalong River, Minjiang River, Jialing River, Wujiang River and Han River, and other tributaries have a catchment area of 25,000-150,000 square kilometers each. The Yangtze River and its tributaries are a huge source and functional reserve for China’s future water energy use. Mainstream water and main tributaries of the water reserves of 200 million or so.