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目的探讨人参多糖(ginseng polysaccharide,GPS)对人鼻咽癌细胞CNE-2裸鼠移植瘤的放疗增敏作用及可能的机制。方法取对数生长期的鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞,经裸鼠背部皮下注射,1×107个/(0.2 ml·只),待瘤体最大径为4~6 mm时,取20只模型裸鼠,随机分为4组:对照组(经腹腔注射生理盐水)、放疗组(每次每只裸鼠经肿瘤局部给予5 Gy X射线照射,每3 d照射1次,共3次)、GPS组(经腹腔注射GPS,30 mg/kg,每次0.3 ml,每72 h给药1次,共5次)和GPS联合放疗组(经腹腔注射GPS,30 mg/kg,每次0.3 ml,每72 h给药1次,共5次;末次给药48 h后开始放疗,每只每次经肿瘤局部给予5 Gy X射线照射,每3 d照射1次,共3次)。开始给药3周后处死裸鼠,取瘤体,称重,测量肿瘤的长、短径,计算肿瘤体积及抑制率;HE染色观察移植瘤组织病理学改变;Real-time PCR检测移植瘤组织中β-catenin基因mRNA的转录水平;免疫组织化学和Western blot法检测移植瘤组织中β-catenin蛋白的表达水平。结果与对照组相比,GPS组、放疗组和GPS联合放疗组的肿瘤体积及瘤重均明显下降(P<0.05),抑制率分别为29.87%、52.60%和74.68%;镜下观察可见,GPS联合放疗组细胞凋亡明显,多数细胞核完全溶解,细胞结构消失,坏死的肿瘤组织呈现均质红染表现;GPS联合放疗组移植瘤中β-catenin mRNA及蛋白的表达水平均显著下降(P均<0.05)。结论 GPS可抑制CNE-2细胞在裸鼠体内的生长,且对鼻咽癌的放疗具有增敏作用,其机制可能与抑制β-catenin的表达有关。
Objective To investigate the radiosensitizing effect of ginseng polysaccharide (GPS) on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 xenografted in nude mice and its possible mechanism. Methods Nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells in logarithmic growth phase were subcutaneously injected into nude mice at the dosage of 1 × 107 / (0.2 ml · min). When the maximum diameter of tumor was 4 ~ 6 mm, 20 models The nude mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (intraperitoneal injection of normal saline), radiotherapy group (each tumor was given 5 Gy X-ray irradiation once every 3 days and irradiated once every 3 days for 3 times) GPS group (intraperitoneal injection of GPS, 30 mg / kg, 0.3 ml each time, once every 72 hours for 5 times) and GPS combined radiotherapy group (intraperitoneal injection of GPS, 30 mg / kg, each 0.3 ml , Administered once every 72 hours for 5 times. Radiotherapy started 48 hours after the last administration, and each treatment was given 5 Gy X-ray irradiation once every 3 days and once every 3 days for 3 times. Three weeks after the start of administration, the nude mice were sacrificed and the tumors were weighed and weighed. The long and short diameters of the tumors were measured, and the tumor volume and inhibition rate were calculated. The pathological changes of the xenografts were observed by HE staining. Β-catenin mRNA was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The expression of β-catenin protein in the tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the tumor volume and tumor weight of GPS group, radiotherapy group and GPS combined radiotherapy group were significantly decreased (P <0.05), and the inhibition rates were 29.87%, 52.60% and 74.68% respectively. Microscopically, The cell apoptosis in GPS combined radiotherapy group was obvious, most of the nuclei were completely dissolved, the cell structure disappeared and the necrotic tumor tissue showed homogeneous red staining. The expression of β-catenin mRNA and protein in the combined radiotherapy group decreased significantly (P All <0.05). Conclusion GPS can inhibit the growth of CNE-2 cells in nude mice, and it may have a sensitizing effect on radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the expression of β-catenin.