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进入上世纪90年代后,随着我国产业结构的调整和国企改革的进一步深化,各地都程度不同地出现了失业下岗洪流,“城市贫困人口”这一新概念开始进入人们的研究视野。1999年10月1日,国务院发布《城镇居民最低生活保障条例》,规定凡持有非农业户口的城市居民,只要共同生活的家庭成员人均收入低于当地居民最低生活标准的,均有资格申请城市居民最低生活保障。自此,最低生活保障制度作为一种“最后的安全网”在全国各地逐渐建立起来。
Since the 1990s, with the adjustment of China’s industrial structure and the further deepening of the reform of state-owned enterprises, unemployment and unemployment have emerged in varying degrees all over the country. The new concept of “the urban poor” has begun to enter the research perspective of people. On October 1, 1999, the State Council promulgated the “Minimum Living Standard for Urban Residents,” which stipulates that all urban residents holding non-agricultural household accounts are eligible to apply for income as long as the per capita income of the family members living together is below the minimum living standard of the local residents Urban residents minimum living security. Since then, the system of minimum living standards has gradually been established throughout the country as a “final safety net.”