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本文以牛奶产品为例,对食品行业的信息不对称所导致的道德风险和逆向选择进行了博弈分析。文章认为,食品质量安全机制的构建是市场与政府共同作用的结果。在微观层面,需要改进博弈的信息结构,成立奶农专业合作社、进行双边治理或一体化治理;在产业层面,需要借助于私人或政府实施第三方惩罚机制;在法律框架下,提高惩罚额度(集体诉讼制度)、完善信息制度(信息举报和权威发布)、提高对“监管者”的惩罚与激励等必须进行机制的进一步改进,才能促使博弈达成合作均衡。市场、社会、政府的作用相互补充,缺一不可。
This article takes the milk product as an example to conduct a game analysis on the moral hazard and adverse selection caused by the information asymmetry in the food industry. The article holds that the construction of food quality and safety mechanism is the result of the joint action of market and government. At the micro level, it is necessary to improve the information structure of the game, establish dairy cooperatives and conduct bilateral governance or integrated governance; at the industrial level, third-party penal mechanisms need to be implemented by means of private individuals or the government; and penalties should be increased under the legal framework The system of class actions), improve the information system (information reporting and authority release), and improve the punishment and incentives for “regulators ” must be further improved mechanisms to promote a balanced game. Market, society, government complement each other, are indispensable.