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本文旨在通过传世文献与出土文献两相参照,概述巫咸生活的朝代,活动的地域,作为巫史人物具有的神职与人事的职能以及在历史上由实有其人到泛化为巫的通称的过程。将巫咸定位为巫史人物恰恰与其殷商贤相的身份相互支撑,巫史身份构成了其为贤相必备的知识结构、文化背景,故能够为其在治国时将天道与人事结合起来解决现实问题提供了可能。同时,该文辨识并试图揭示在巫咸接受的过程中,经史学家受到不同价值观念的影响而对巫咸身份的认定呈现显著差异的深层原因。
The purpose of this paper is to summarize the dynasties of wuxian life, the region of activities, the clerical and personnel functions as witch historians and the generalization of witchcraft from history to witchcraft Commonly known process. Wuxian position as the witch history character precisely with its Yin Shangxian phase mutual support, Witch history identity constitutes a necessary knowledge of the Yin phase structure, cultural background, it can for its governing the country will be combined with Heaven and personnel to solve the problem The problem is possible. At the same time, the article identifies and attempts to reveal the underlying reasons for the significant differences in the identification of Wuxian during the acceptance of Wu Xian by the historians under the influence of different values.