引言 近代作物育种学从群体光能利用的观点出发,研究作物的各个性状在产量形成过程中的生理作用,考虑有关性状的改良问题,从而引进了“生理育种”的新概念。在这个观点指导下,许多研究者从生理学的角度,阐明了叶片的不同形态在提高光能利用率上的作用,证明了在高产栽培条件下,直立的叶片比平伸的叶片更为有利。这样,在小麦高产育种中叶片形态成了育种目标之一。但是,迄今为止,关于叶型遗 INTRODUCTION Modern Crop Breeding Science, from the viewpoint of population utilization of light energy, studies the physiological roles of various traits of crops in the process of yield formation and considers the improvement of traits, thus introducing a new concept of “physiological breeding.” Under the guidance of this viewpoint, many researchers have elucidated the role of different forms of leaves in improving the utilization of light energy from the perspective of physiology, and proved that upright leaves are more advantageous than flattened leaves under high yielding cultivation conditions. In this way, leaf morphology in high-yield wheat breeding has become one of the breeding objectives. However, so far, about the leaves leave