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目的:揭示金铁锁开花规律与传粉特征,确定其繁育系统类型,为金铁锁引种繁育和濒危原因探寻提供基础依据。方法:开花动态的观察、杂交指数估算法、繁育系统检测法、种子萌发率和访花昆虫及其访花行为的观察。结果:杂交指数检测与繁育系统检测结果一致,金铁锁的繁育系统为同株自花传粉、同株异花传粉、异株异花传粉。金铁锁的花在结构上具有与异花授粉相适应的结构和机制,也有虫媒花的特征。金铁锁的盛花期在雨季,其访花昆虫在雨季少见或不传粉,从而直接影响了结实率。结论:金铁锁为混合交配繁育系统,为虫媒异交植物,同时可以自花授粉,其繁殖方式为近交繁殖。
OBJECTIVE: To reveal the flowering and pollination characteristics of the gold lock, determine the type of its breeding system, and provide the basis for the introduction breeding and endangered causes of the gold lock. Methods: Flowering dynamic observation, hybridization index estimation method, breeding system detection method, seed germination rate and visiting pollinators and their visiting behavior were observed. Results: The results of hybridization index test and breeding system showed that the breeding system of Jin Tie Suo was the same strain of self-pollination, the same-generation cross-pollination, the allotransplanted cross-pollination. The structure and mechanism of the flower of Golden Lock are structurally compatible with cross-pollination, and also have the characteristics of insect-like flowers. The flowering period of the gold lock is in the rainy season, and its visiting insects are rare or not pollinated in the rainy season, which directly affects the seed setting rate. Conclusion: Jin Tie Su is a mixed mating and breeding system, which is an insect-resistant plant and can be self-pollinated. Its propagation mode is inbreeding.