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目的探索前列腺癌的早期诊断和鉴别诊断的新依据。方法收集前列腺增生和前列腺癌患者空腹第一次晨尿和血标本各90份和30份,随机分为3组,用PSA抗体亲和层析柱提纯尿液和血液中的PSA,用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的凝集素SNA(sambucus nigra agglutinin)做探针,连接到已固定在膜上纯化的PSA的糖链,检测已结合的HRP来代表PSA糖链与凝集素的结合力,用增强化学发光法(ECL)检测已结合的HRP的结合力,其数值用发光单位(LLU)来表示。结果用HRP标记的凝集素SNA-HRP作探针检测前列腺癌和前列腺增生血中PSA时,前列腺癌血中平均LLU仅为前列腺增生血中PSA的18.3%,与SNA-HRP的结合力两者之间有明显差异(P<0.001);而在尿液中两者无明显差异(P>0.05)。说明前列腺癌血中PSA糖链结构中唾液酸残基表达较前列腺增生明显减少。结论前列腺癌患者血中PSA糖链结构与前列腺增生相比发生改变,其中糖链结构中唾液酸残基表达的改变可能为今后前列腺癌的早期诊断和鉴别诊断提供新的依据。
Objective To explore a new basis for the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods The first fasting morning urine and blood samples from 90 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer were collected and divided into three groups. PSA and PSA were purified from urine and blood by PSA affinity chromatography with horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) -labeled sambucus nigra agglutinin was used as a probe to ligate the sugar chains immobilized on membrane-purified PSA and the bound HRP was detected to represent the binding of PSA sugar chains to lectins Forces, the binding of bound HRP was measured by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL), the value of which is expressed in units of luminescence (LLU). Results When using HRP-labeled lectin SNA-HRP as a probe to detect PSA in prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia blood, the average LLU in prostate cancer blood was only 18.3% of the PSA in prostatic hyperplasia blood and both of the binding to SNA-HRP (P <0.001), while there was no significant difference in urine (P> 0.05). Note prostate cancer blood PSA chain structure of sialic acid residues significantly lower than benign prostatic hyperplasia. Conclusion The changes of PSA sugar chain structure in prostate cancer patients compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and the changes of sialic acid residues in the glycan structure may provide a new basis for the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of prostate cancer.