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成苗是滨海盐碱地植棉的难点,建立和完善成苗技术是盐碱地棉花丰产的关键.本文在回顾前人相关研究的基础上,依据我们在该领域的研究进展,总结评述了土壤根区盐分差异分布、提墒增温、建立膜下温室和采用抗盐种衣剂促进棉花成苗的效应与机制.在土壤耕层平均盐分含量不能减少的情况下,通过诱导盐分在根区的差异分布、适度提高土壤含水量和地温,改善至少部分根区的生态环境,可显著减轻盐害,是促进盐碱地棉花成苗的重要途径.轻度盐碱地平作覆盖、中度和重度盐碱地沟畦覆盖、无灌溉条件下的预覆膜栽培、热量不足地区的短季棉晚播,是促进滨海盐碱地棉花成苗和增产的可靠技术.以上成苗理论与技术为滨海盐碱地棉花一播全苗提供了保障.
Seedling establishment is the difficult point of planting cotton in coastal saline-alkali land, and establishing and perfecting seedling forming technology is the key to yield high yield of cotton in saline-alkali soil.Based on the review of previous studies and the progress of our research in this field, The differences in distribution, raising moisture temperature, the establishment of greenhouse and the use of salt-resistant seed coating to promote cotton seedling effect and mechanism.In the case of average soil salt content can not be reduced, through the induction of salt in the root zone of the distribution of differences , Moderate increase of soil water content and ground temperature and improvement of ecological environment in at least part of the root zone can significantly reduce salt damage and is an important way to promote cotton seedling formation in saline-alkali soil. Mild saline-alkali land cover, moderate and severe saline-alkali soil ditch cover, Precoating under irrigated conditions and short season cotton sowing in areas lacking heat are reliable techniques to promote cotton seedling formation and yield increase in coastal saline-alkali soil. The above theories and techniques of seedling provide a guarantee for cotton seedling sowing in coastal saline-alkali soil.