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目的分析2010年嘉定区手足口病重症病例流行病学特征,探索高危因素,为减少重症病例的发生提供科学依据。方法收集嘉定区2010年重症手足口病流行病学调查信息,应用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果 2010年嘉定区重症手足口病发病率6.53/10万,重症病死率2.33%。报告重症病例数较多的地区主要集中在流动人口多的嘉定区东南部。时间上以18～31周为报告重症发病高峰。重症病例年龄分布以小年龄组为主,1岁年龄组最多,为33例,占38.37%,且重症发生率最高,为3.16%,高于全区的重症发生率(2.43%)。重症病例病原学检测EV71占87.21%,高于轻症监测病例(EV71占47.37%)。结论嘉定区重症手足口病防控形势严峻,重症病例有明显的年龄、性别、时间和地区差异。对来自重点地区1岁年龄组手足口病患者应提高警惕,及早救治,加强健康教育宣传。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD cases in Jiading District in 2010 and explore risk factors to provide scientific evidence for reducing the incidence of severe cases. Methods The epidemiological survey of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Jiading District in 2010 was collected, and the descriptive method was used for epidemiological analysis. Results The incidence of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Jiading District in 2010 was 6.53 / 100,000 and the severe case fatality rate was 2.33%. The areas with more severe cases reported mainly in the southeast of Jiading District, where there are many migrants. Time to 18 to 31 weeks to report the peak incidence of severe disease. The age distribution of severe cases was mainly in the younger age group, with the highest in the 1-year-old age group, 33 cases (38.37%) with the highest incidence of severe diseases (3.16%), higher than the overall incidence of severe diseases (2.43%). Severe case etiology test EV71 accounted for 87.21%, higher than the mild case surveillance (EV71 accounted for 47.37%). Conclusion The prevention and control of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Jiading District is severe, with significant differences in age, gender, time and region in severe cases. Hand-foot-mouth disease patients from the 1-year-old age group in key areas should be vigilant, treatment should be rescued as soon as possible, and health education should be promoted.