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心型脂肪酸结合蛋白（ H－FABP）是评价心肌组织损伤的一种更为敏感的新型生物标志物，其能从损伤的心肌组织中快速释放到血液中。随着对H－FABP越来越深入的研究，研究者发现其也在脑、骨骼肌、肺、肾、肾上腺和乳腺等组织中表达，故其在临床中的应用（如早期诊断、危险分层、预后评估等）越来越广泛。目前的研究主要集中在成人疾病中，在儿科疾病中报道不多。“,”Heart-type fatty acid binding protein ( H-FABP) is one of the promising biological markers for the evaluation of myocardial injury.H-FABP is known to be rapid released from injured myocardium into the blood.With the progress of the study, it is discovered that H-FABP is also expressed in brain, skeletal muscle,lung,kidney,adrenal,mammary gland and so on.Because it is an effective marker for early diagno-sis,risk stratification,and assessing prognosis,it′s more and more widely applied in clinical.At present,the study of H-FABP is focused on adult disease,but rarely reported in pediatric disease.