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劳动生产率与商品价值量成反比变动是马克思劳动价值论的一个重要命题(简称“反比论”),与之相对应是劳动生产率与商品的价值量成正比的观点(简称“正比论”)。本文梳理了“正比论”和“反比论”的部分代表文献,汲取了学术界的相关见解,并尝试构建一种马克思主义政治经济学理论研究范式。首先按照《资本论》中的论述界定了劳动生产率和商品的价值等相关概念,给出了9条基本理论分析假设。在此基础上建立了“反比论”模型、“正比论”模型和“考虑生产资料的价值转移”模型。在相同的概念范畴下,“反比论”和“正比论”是建立在各自理论分析假设上的不同模型,“正比论”并没有削弱“反比论”的科学性,而是对劳动价值论的一种新发展。同时,本文认为在马克思主义政治经济学的继承发展中,研究方法的规范性和科学性比围绕最终结论的争论更为重要。
The inverse ratio of labor productivity to the value of commodities is an important proposition of Marx’s labor theory of value (“inverse theory”). Correspondingly, the view that labor productivity is directly proportional to the value of commodities (abbreviation) ). This paper combs some representative literatures of “orthologism ” and “antiphotography ”, draws on relevant academic insights and attempts to construct a research paradigm of Marxist political economy theory. First of all, according to the discussion in Capital, this paper defines the concepts of labor productivity and the value of commodities, and gives nine basic theoretical analysis assumptions. On this basis, the model of “inverse ratioism”, “orthogonality” and “value transfer considering the means of production” are established. Under the same concept, “Inverse Theory ” and “Inference ” are different models based on the assumption of their theoretical analysis. “Inference ” does not weaken “Inverse Theory ” scientific , But a new development of labor theory of value. At the same time, this paper argues that in the inheritance and development of Marxist political economy, the research method is more standard and scientific than the controversy surrounding the final conclusion.