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秸秆包括粮食作物秸秆和经济作物秸秆,其中麦秸、稻秸和玉米秸秆约占总量的70%。我国秸秆年产量约为7亿t,居世界前列。近年来,国家和各地方政府出台了一系列有关农作物秸秆综合利用的文件,立项并实施了一批秸秆还田、秸秆发电、固化成型燃料、秸秆沼气集中供气以及秸秆制板等项目。但由于种种原因,秸秆综合利用效果并不如人意,唤起了国人对建立秸秆高效综合利用体系的关注和重视。秸秆综合利用现状我国目前农作物秸秆利用的特点是:企业规模小、秸秆耗量少、资源分布广、产品品种少、授权专利多、转化推广少。国家逐年增加秸
Stalks include grain crop stalks and cash crop stalks, of which straw, rice straw and corn stalks account for about 70% of the total. The annual output of straw in China is about 700 million tons, ranking the highest in the world. In recent years, the state and local governments have issued a series of documents on the comprehensive utilization of crop stalks and initiated and implemented a number of projects such as straw returning, straw power generation, solidified fueling, centralized biogas supply of straw and straw board. However, due to various reasons, the comprehensive utilization effect of straw is not satisfactory, arousing people’s attention and emphasis on establishing an efficient and comprehensive utilization system of straw. Current situation of comprehensive utilization of straw The characteristics of straw utilization in our country at present are: small scale of enterprise, less straw consumption, wide distribution of resources, less variety of products, more authorized patents and less transformation and promotion. The state increases the amount of straw every year