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采用激光闪烁仪和超声风速计对沿海某地冬、夏季的大气光学湍流和风速进行了较长时期的测量,得到了其平均的统计特征。并据此分析了大气折射率结构常数的累积出现概率为50%和90%时大气湍流对光电探测器性能的影响。结果表明:(1)对于水平传输,大气湍流对短波和中波红外成像系统的影响随着传输距离或湍流强度的增加而超过系统的衍射受限占主要地位,对长波红外告警系统的影响可以忽略。(2)对于斜程传输,大气湍流的影响随天顶角的增加而增加,在天顶角小于60°的情况下,大气湍流对系统性能影响的变化不超过45%;而在天顶角超过60°之后,大气湍流的影响迅速增加,其影响最大可以超过3倍。
The laser optical scintillator and ultrasonic anemometer were used to measure the atmospheric optical turbulence and wind speed in the winter and summer in a certain place along the coast. The average statistical characteristics were obtained. Based on this, the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the performance of photodetector when the cumulative probability of atmospheric refractive index structure constant is 50% and 90% is analyzed. The results show that: (1) For horizontal transmission, the effect of atmospheric turbulence on shortwave and mid-wave infrared imaging systems exceeds the diffraction limited limit of the system with the increase of transmission distance or turbulence intensity, and the impact on the longwave infrared warning system can be ignore. (2) The influence of atmospheric turbulence increases with the increase of zenith angle for oblique-path transmission. When the zenith angle is less than 60 °, the influence of atmospheric turbulence on system performance does not exceed 45%; while in zenith angle After more than 60 °, the influence of atmospheric turbulence increases rapidly, and its influence can exceed 3 times.