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港口航道是指海、河主航道和港池间供船舶进出港口的水道,亦称进港航道。它是与港口配套的重要设施,是港口集疏运的咽喉和关键环节,是港口的生命线。因此,在港口建设时,与之配套的航道工程必须同步进行,使建成的码头较快地达到设计生产能力,原有泊位功能亦能充分发挥。反之,如果港口航道等航运条件未能同步形成,航道的通过能力必然制约着港口的吞吐能力,无论新建码头停泊的吨级多么空前,岸壁设备多么现代化,都达不到设计要求,不能与靠泊船型的航行要求相适应,只能是“深水浅用”,对外形成不了更大的竞争力,港口功能的发挥和理想的经济效益也就无从谈起了。
The harbor fairway refers to the waterway between the sea, the river main channel and the harbor pond for the ships to enter and leave the port, also known as the inbound fairway. It is an important supporting facilities for the port, is the throat and key link in the port collection and distribution, and is the lifeline of the port. Therefore, at the time of port construction, the corresponding waterway project must be synchronized so that the completed wharf will reach the design and production capacity relatively quickly and the existing berth function will also be brought into full play. On the other hand, if the shipping conditions such as the harbor channel fail to be formed simultaneously, the passage capacity of the channel inevitably restricts the handling capacity of the port. No matter how unprecedented the tonnage of new wharf anchorage is and how modern the wharf equipment is, the design requirements can not be met. Boating sailing requirements to adapt to, can only be “deep-water shallow use”, the external can not form a greater competitive edge, the port functions and the ideal economic benefits can not talk about it.