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国有财产作为公共财产的基本类型,最重要的特点就在于其公共性,而其公共性的实现必须有法律上的机制的保障。公众用国有财产的公用性实现机制,主要包括三种方式:自由使用、许可使用和特许使用。自由使用意味着任何不特定的公众都可以自由、免费地使用某些公共国有财产,许可使用本质上也属于自由使用,但为协调公众使用冲突和防止对公共使用造成损害,设定了某些使用条件。而特许使用是一类极为特殊的利用方式,它授予使用人以排他性的使用权,而自由使用和许可使用并非都可以构成个人能够在法律上主张的主观权利,但是在遭受来自平等主体间的侵害时可以享有权利的救济。
As the basic type of public property, the most important characteristic of state-owned property lies in its public nature, and the realization of its publicity must be guaranteed by the legal mechanism. Public use of public property to achieve the mechanism of public ownership, including three ways: free to use, permit the use and licensing. Free use means that any non-specific public is free and free to use property in certain public countries and that the permitted use is essentially free to use, but to coordinate public use of the conflict and prevent damage to public use, some Conditions of Use. However, franchising is a very special kind of utilization, which grants the user the exclusive right to use. However, both free use and permitted use can not constitute subjective rights that individuals can claim legally. However, Infringement can enjoy the right to relief.