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利用分离的SARS CoV毒株BJ 0 1,经滴鼻等途径感染大鼠、豚鼠、黑线仓鼠、白化仓鼠和雏鸡等 5个种属的动物 ,筛选对SARS易感的小动物。在此基础上 ,选择食蟹猴和恒河猴进行SARS的人工感染实验 ,评价其作为SARS动物模型的可能性。结果表明 ,大鼠、豚鼠、黑线仓鼠、白化仓鼠和雏鸡等动物对SARS均不易感 ,感染后未观察到任何的临床及病理学改变 ,不过从感染 2周后的大鼠和豚鼠的肺和咽等组织样本中检测到了的特异的核酸 ,提示SARS CoV能够在这两种动物的体内复制。从感染猴子的分泌物和脏器中分离出了病毒 ,证明SARS CoV也能够在猴子体内复制。临床和病理组织学检查结果显示 ,SARS病毒接种食蟹猴和恒河猴后 ,可以引起所有实验猴发生间质性肺炎 ,其病理学改变与人类感染SARS病毒后肺部病变近似 ,但病变的严重程度比较人类的轻得多 ,除此之外无任何其它的明显的临床表现及组织病理学改变 ,按照动物模型的指标判断食蟹猴和恒河猴并不是SARS的理想动物模型 ,不过在目前尚没有更理想的动物模型情况下 ,以间质性肺炎为病理学检查指标 ,恒河猴和食蟹猴可以作为评价抗SARS药物和疫苗的模型动物
The SARS-susceptible small animals were screened from 5 species of animals, including rat, guinea pig, black hamster, albino hamster and chick by infection with isolated SARS CoV strain BJ 0 1 via nose and other routes. On this basis, we selected cynomolgus monkeys and rhesus monkeys for artificial infection experiments of SARS to evaluate their possibility of being SARS animal models. The results showed that the animals such as rats, guinea pigs, black hamsters, albino hamsters and chicks were not susceptible to SARS, and no clinical and pathological changes were observed after infection. However, the lungs of rats and guinea pigs after 2 weeks of infection And pharyngeal tissue samples detected specific nucleic acid, suggesting that SARS CoV in vivo replication of these two animals. Viruses were isolated from the secretions and organs of infected monkeys, demonstrating that SARS CoV can also replicate in monkeys. Clinical and histopathological examination results showed that SARS virus vaccination in cynomolgus monkeys and rhesus monkeys can cause interstitial pneumonia in all the experimental monkeys. The pathological changes are similar to the pulmonary lesions in humans infected with SARS virus, but the pathological changes The severity is much lighter than that of humans. There is no other obvious clinical manifestations and histopathological changes beyond that. It is not the ideal animal model for SARS to judge cynomolgus monkeys and rhesus monkeys according to the animal model indexes. However, At present there is no better animal model, with interstitial pneumonia as a pathological indicator, rhesus monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys can be used as a model animal for evaluating anti-SARS drugs and vaccines