清代桐城派古文家刘开的《问说》中有这样一句话：“三代而下，有学而无问，朋友之交，至于劝善规过足矣，其以义理相咨访，孜孜焉唯进修是急，未之多见也，况流俗乎？”［统编教材高中语文第二册（必修本），第281页，1991年4月版。引文中的着重号为笔者所加，下同。］其中， In the “Qian Shuo” published by Liu Kai’s “Qian Shuo” of the Tongcheng School in the Qing Dynasty, there was such a saying: “Three generations and down, learning without asking, and friends at the turn, as for persuading the good to regulate and overburdening, they consulted with the principle of justice.” “Only the advanced studies are urgent, but they are not common enough. What is the trend?” [The textbook for senior high school is Chinese (required), page 281, April 1991 edition. The emphasis in the quotation is that of the author, the same below. ]among them,