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鳙(花鲢)在自然环境中分布于中国南部流域至阿穆尔河,是重要的经济性鱼类,具江湖生殖洄游特性。大坝建设阻碍了其洄游产卵繁殖通道,导致自然环境中其繁殖力的下降,需要有效的过鱼设施帮助鳙通过大坝等水流屏障。为了设计高效的鱼道引导鳙通过,本文通过自制密封的鱼类游泳实验装置,研究了鳙幼鱼游泳能力。测定了5个温度(5、10、15、20和25℃)下鳙幼鱼的临界游泳速度。通过测定不同温度下,疲劳前后血清总蛋白(TP)、血糖(GLU)和甘油三酯(TG)含量,评价疲劳运动引起的生理胁迫。结果表明,在试验温度范围内,随着温度的升高,临界游泳速度显著提高(P<0.05)。25℃时临界游泳速度最大,为7.01 BL/s(1.19 m/s)。在疲劳运动后,血清总蛋白、血糖和甘油三酯含量显著升高(P<0.05)。水温低于15℃与高于15℃相比,鳙疲劳运动后血清总蛋白、血糖和甘油三酯含量显著升高。以鳙幼鱼为研究对象,研究了非适宜温度环境和疲劳运动胁迫下鱼类的生理反应。以期为鱼类生理学研究和渔业保护管理等领域提供理论依据,为制定有效的鱼道提供数据参考。
(Silver carp) distributed in the natural environment in the watershed to the Amur River in southern China, is an economically important fish, with reproductive migratory characteristics of rivers and lakes. The construction of the dam hindered the migration of its spawning breeding path, led to a decline in its natural habitat and required effective over-fishing facilities to help it pass through water barriers such as dams. In order to design a highly efficient guideway for passage of fish, this paper studied the swimming ability of juvenile fish by means of a self-made sealed fish swimming experiment device. The critical swimming speed of juvenile juvenile fish was determined at five temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ℃). Physiological stress caused by fatigue was assessed by measuring serum total protein (TP), glucose (GLU) and triglyceride (TG) content before and after fatigue under different temperatures. The results showed that the critical swimming speed increased significantly with the increase of temperature in the experimental temperature range (P <0.05). The critical swimming speed at 25 ℃ is 7.01 BL / s (1.19 m / s). After fatigue exercise, serum total protein, blood glucose and triglyceride levels were significantly increased (P <0.05). When the water temperature is lower than 15 ℃ and higher than 15 ℃, the serum total protein, blood glucose and triglyceride content are significantly increased after fatigue. Juvenile juvenile fish were used as research objects to study the physiological responses of fish under non-suitable temperature environment and fatigue-induced exercise stress. With a view to providing theoretical basis for fish physiology research and fishery protection management and other fields, provide data reference for making effective fishway.