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语言和文化是紧密相连、不可分割的,没有一种语言不是根植于具体的文化之中的;也没有一种文化不是以某种自然语言的结构为中心的。成语是语言的精髓,它蕴含着丰富的文化信息,包含着大量的文化特征和文化背景,具有鲜明的形象和比喻,带有鲜明的民族特色和地域色彩,是浓厚历史背景和浓郁民族文化的融和。然而中西方因历史背景、发展过程的不同而产生许多文化差异,这些差异对语言间的文字转换形成了一种障碍。本文主要从自然环境、历史背景、典故、风俗习惯和宗教信仰五个方面阐述了中西文化差异对各自成语形成的影响,并举例说明在英汉成语互译过程中如何处理这些差异以及翻译对策。
Language and culture are closely linked and inseparable. No language is not rooted in a specific culture. Nor is there a culture centered around the structure of a natural language. Idioms are the essence of language. They contain a wealth of cultural information, contain a large number of cultural characteristics and cultural backgrounds, have vivid images and metaphors, with distinctive national characteristics and geographical colors, which are rich in historical background and rich in national culture Blending. However, due to the difference of historical background and development process, many cultural differences arise between China and the West. These differences form an obstacle to the language conversion between languages. This paper mainly expounds the influence of the differences between Chinese and western cultures on the formation of idioms from the five aspects of natural environment, historical background, allusions, customs and religious beliefs. It also illustrates how to deal with these differences and translation strategies in the process of mutual translation of English and Chinese idioms.