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我国是一个发展中的社会主义国家,人口多,底子薄,人均能源资源拥有量和消费量都不到世界人均水平的一半。据规划,到本世纪末我国一次资源生产量可望达到14亿吨标准煤,但供需差额仍有3亿吨标准煤。能源开发和节约的任务都很繁量,节能的任务显得更加紧迫和艰巨。因此,在加强能源开发的同时,要大力加强节能工作。经历了两次能源危机和海湾战争,世界各国尤其是工业发达国家对节能越来越重视了。节能已被称为煤、电、油、核能之外的“第五能源”。近些年来,法国、英国和美国都实现了经济正增长,而能源消费负增长。根据世界能源发展新战略《终端利用能源战略》的规划,2020年全世界一次能源消耗量只比1980年增加10%,从110亿吨标准煤增加到120亿吨标准煤,其
China is a developing socialist country. It has a large population and a weak foundation. Its per capita energy resources and consumption are less than half of the world average. According to the plan, by the end of this century, China’s primary resource production is expected to reach 1.4 billion tons of standard coal, but the balance between supply and demand still has 300 million tons of standard coal. The tasks of energy development and conservation are numerous, and the task of energy saving is even more urgent and arduous. Therefore, while strengthening energy development, we must vigorously strengthen energy conservation. Having experienced two energy crises and the Gulf War, countries all over the world, especially industrialized countries, have paid more and more attention to energy conservation. Energy conservation has been called the “fifth energy source” beyond coal, electricity, oil, and nuclear energy. In recent years, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States have all achieved positive economic growth and negatively increased energy consumption. According to the world energy development strategy “End-use Energy Strategy”, the world’s primary energy consumption will only increase by 10% from 1980 to 2020, from 11 billion tons of standard coal to 12 billion tons of standard coal.