Tackling the challenge of controlling the spin with electric field

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Electric(E)fields are commonly em-ployed to control magnetization in some classes of materials such as multiferroics.However,the extreme confinement of the electric field,for instance under the tip of a scanning tunnel microscope,makes it an ideal tool to manipulate individual spins,generating interest in spins as potential quantum bits.Spins are in fact intrinsic quantum systems that can be manipulated easily by means of pulses of electromagnetic microwaves,as commonly done in magnetic resonance spectroscopies.Although the coupling usually involves the magnetic field of microwaves,the first experiments with E-field pulses date back to the 1970s when Mims investigated the symmetry of the lanthanide ion coordination environ-ment[1].A linear effect is characteristic of an acentric environment.Renewed interest in spin-electric coupling is mo-tivated by recent advances in scanning probe spectroscopies able to perform single atom CW[2]and pulsed[3]EPR spectroscopy.These exceptional tools make possible the optimization of spin-electric coupling in the qubit and ex-ploration of the potential for gate control.
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