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目的:对初诊糖尿病患者进行膳食营养认知现状调查,为进行针对性的护理干预提供依据。方法:对入选就诊的初诊为糖尿病三个月内的患者54例,进行自行设计问卷调查,进行膳食营养健康教育,将干预前后患者膳食营养认知情况进行对比。结果:之前受过糖尿病健康教育者仅占14.81%,干预后患者对三大营养物质的合理搭配、食物的选择和禁忌、每天所需总热量、能否吃水果认知有了改善(P<0.05),对于食物交换份法、标准体重的计算、固定进餐时间认知水平有了明显提高(P<0.01)。结论:初诊糖尿病患者对膳食营养认知不足,需要尽快进行健康教育、改善患者认知、控制血糖以减少并发症。
Objective: To investigate the status quo of dietary nutrition in newly diagnosed diabetic patients and provide the basis for targeted nursing intervention. Methods: A total of 54 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus within three months were enrolled in this study. Self-designed questionnaires were conducted to assess the nutritional status of patients before and after the intervention. Results: Only 14.81% of people with diabetes health education before the intervention, the reasonable match of the three nutrients after the intervention, the choice and taboo of the food, the total calories needed per day, and the cognitive improvement of eating fruit (P <0.05 ), For the food exchange method, the standard weight calculation, fixed meal time cognitive level has been significantly improved (P <0.01). Conclusion: Newly diagnosed diabetic patients have insufficient understanding of dietary nutrition and need to carry out health education as soon as possible to improve patient cognition and control blood sugar to reduce complications.