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目的了解HIV抗体ELISA检测阳性者确证阴性情况并分析相关因素。方法收集玉溪市ELISA筛查为HIV抗体阳性的2 127例标本的人口学特征、可能感染途径、样本来源及确证结果,计算确证阴性率并分析相关因素。结果确证阴性率为12.08%(257/2 127),其中女性、小于30岁年龄组、汉族、初中及以上文化程度者、已婚者、公职人员/退休职工、学生、样本来源于无偿献血、可能感染途径不详及母婴传播者确证阴性率较高,分别为19.39%(128/660),20.00%(96/480),13.93%(191/1 371)、15.84%(166/1 048),15.49%(177/1 143),23.00%(49/213),40.54%(15/37),70.67%(53/75),35.53%(140/394),23.53%(4/17)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,女性(OR=1.888,95%CI:1.350~2.639)、年龄<18岁组(OR=5.779,95%CI:1.762~18.956)、已婚者(OR=2.251,95%CI:1.394~3.634)、样本来源为无偿献血者(OR=7.620,95%CI:3.520~16.496)、可能感染途径不详者(OR=9.205,95%CI:5.900~14.360)HIV抗体ELISA阳性-确证阴性的可能更大。结论 HIV抗体筛查假阳性率在性别、年龄、婚姻状况、样本来源、可能感染途径中显著不同,相关工作人员对检测结果应进行合理的解释。
Objective To understand the negative results of HIV antibody positive ELISA test and analyze the related factors. Methods The demographic characteristics, possible routes of infection, source of samples and confirmatory results of 2 127 HIV-positive samples from Yixian ELISA screening were collected, and the negative rates were confirmed and the related factors were analyzed. The results confirmed negative rate was 12.08% (257/2 127), of which women, less than 30 years of age group, Han, middle school education and above, married, public servants / retired workers, students, samples from unpaid blood donation, The possible routes of infection were unknown and the positive rates of negative confirmation were 19.39% (128/660), 20.00% (96/480), 13.93% (191/1 371) and 15.84% (166/1 048) respectively, , 15.49% (177/1 143), 23.00% (49/213), 40.54% (15/37), 70.67% (53/75), 35.53% (140/394), 23.53% (4/17). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was significant difference between married (OR = 1.888, 95% CI: 1.350-2.639), age <18 years old (OR = 5.779,95% CI: 1.762-18.956) (OR = 9.205, 95% CI: 5.900-14.360). HIV antibody ELISA was positive (% CI = 1.394-3.634), and the sample was from unpaid donor (OR = 7.620, 95% CI: 3.520-16.496) Confirmation negative may be greater. Conclusion The false positive rate of HIV antibody screening in sex, age, marital status, sample sources, possible routes of infection are significantly different, the staff should reasonably explain the test results.