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为了厘清塔里木盆地上震旦统奇格布拉克组储层发育的主控因素和成因机制,基于5个露头观测和2口钻井资料,本文采用岩石学和地球化学相结合的方法,对储层岩石类型、储集空间类型和充填物特征以及岩石稳定同位素和微量元素特征等进行了综合解析。结果显示,奇格布拉克组储层以发育溶洞、溶蚀孔洞、晶间溶孔等为主要特征,且储层岩石类型主要为凝块石白云岩、叠层石白云岩和颗粒白云岩。通过对储层主控因素的分析,明确奇格布拉克组优质储层的形成是建立在微生物礁、微生物潮坪和颗粒滩等有利的沉积微相基础之上,受准同生溶蚀、表生溶蚀、热液溶蚀、热液白云化、有机酸溶蚀和构造破裂等多种因素共同作用的结果,其中,表生溶蚀、热液溶蚀和有机酸溶蚀作用是储层形成最重要的3个影响因素,且表生溶蚀对优质储层的形成起了决定性作用。
In order to clarify the main controlling factors and genetic mechanism of the reservoir development in the Upper Crete Formation in the Upper Sinian in the Tarim Basin, based on five outcrop observations and two drilling data, a combination of petrology and geochemistry was used to analyze the reservoir Rock types, types of reservoir space and filling characteristics, and the characteristics of rock stable isotopes and trace elements. The results show that the reservoirs in the Qiguibulake Formation are mainly characterized by karst cave, dissolved hole and intergranular dissolved hole, and the main types of reservoir rock are clodstone dolomite, stratum dolomite and granulite dolomite. Based on the analysis of main controlling factors, it is made clear that the formation of high-quality reservoirs in the QIGBulak Formation is based on favorable sedimentary microfacies such as microbial reefs, microbial tidal flat and gravel beach, Dissolution, hydrothermal dissolution, hydrothermal dolomization, dissolution of organic acid and tectonic rupture. Among them, superficial dissolution, hydrothermal dissolution and organic acid dissolution are the three most important reservoirs Influencing factors, and superficial dissolution of the formation of high-quality reservoirs played a decisive role.