ABSTRACT Melioidosis, a disease of public health importance in Southeast Asia and North Australia, of late has shown an increasing trend in India, particularly South India. We describe a case of a39-year-old diabetic patient with left elbow septic arthritis, multiple liver, splenic abscesses, pneumonia, pleural effusion, followed by sepsis syndrome. Blood cultures and culture of the joint aspirate yielded pure growth ofBurkholderia pseudomallei (B. pesudomallei), sensitive to carbapenem, co-trimoxazole and resistant to ceftazidime. The patient was successfully treated with imipenem- cilastin.He was discharged on co-trimoxazole to complete the24 weeks course and follow-up has continued to date. The patient continues to remain asymptomatic. The case re-emphasizes the need to monitor the trend ofB. pseudomallei in India, particularly the development of ceftazidime resistance, which incidentally is the drug of choice.