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对开裂的316L不锈钢管板进行了化学成分分析、超声波测厚、渗透探伤、母材金相分析、开裂部位宏观分析及断口扫描电镜分析、微区能谱分析。认为试压开裂的原因为管板金相组织粗大,晶界析出较多碳化物,使材料变脆,同时材料中有大量的夹杂物和夹渣,材料性能变差,因此在试压过程中受力开裂。最后并就如何对受压元件进厂验收提出了一些可行的建议。
The cracked 316L stainless steel tube plate was analyzed by chemical composition, ultrasonic thickness measurement, penetration testing, base metal metallographic analysis, macroscopical analysis of fracture site and fracture scanning electron microscopy, micro-area energy spectrum analysis. The reason for pressure cracking is that the tube plate has a coarse microstructure and more carbide precipitated at the grain boundaries, which makes the material brittle. Meanwhile, a large amount of inclusions and slag inclusions in the material deteriorate the properties of the material, so during the pressure test Force cracking. Finally, some feasible suggestions are put forward on how to check the pressure components into the factory.