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我国每年产生大量的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛回收料(RPVB),对RPVB加以充分利用,不仅可降低生产成本,还能起到节能、环保和低碳等作用。本文将天然剑麻纤维经去蜡和碱处理后,用机械法将剑麻纤维微纤化,并制成剑麻微纤维(SMF)毡。以戊二醛(GTA)和硼砂(SB)对RPVB进行交联改性,用溶液浸渍法制备了SMF/改性RPVB复合材料。用SEM、FTIR、TG和力学性能测试表征了复合材料的结构与性能。结果表明:碱-机械处理可将直径为150~200μm的天然剑麻纤维分离成直径为5~10μm、长径比大于100的SMF;用GTA和SB对RPVB进行交联改性后,SMF/RPVB复合膜的断裂伸长率有所提高;RPVB与SMF间可形成良好的界面结合,但是,由于只有部分RPVB充分渗入纤维毡内部,导致复合材料的整体均匀性欠佳。由TG热重分析可知,SMF/RPVB复合材料的热稳定性介于RPVB与纯SMF之间。
Every year, a large amount of polyvinyl butyral (RPVB) reclaimed material (RPVB) is produced in our country and the full use of RPVB not only reduces the production cost, but also plays the role of energy saving, environmental protection and low carbon. In this paper, the natural sisal fiber was degreased and alkali treated, the sisal fiber was microfibrillated by mechanical method and made into sisal micro-fiber (SMF) felt. RPVB was modified by glutaraldehyde (GTA) and borax (SB). The SMF / modified RPVB composites were prepared by solution impregnation. The structure and properties of the composites were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG and mechanical properties. The results showed that the alkali-mechanical treatment could separate the natural sisal fiber with diameter of 150 ~ 200μm into SMF with the diameter of 5 ~ 10μm and the aspect ratio of more than 100. After crosslinked modification of RPVB by GTA and SB, The elongation at break of RPVB composite membrane is improved. The interface between RPVB and SMF is good. However, due to the partial penetration of RPVB into the fiber mat, the overall uniformity of the composite is poor. TG thermogravimetric analysis shows that the thermal stability of SMF / RPVB composites is between RPVB and pure SMF.